211-216. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 12, 116. Choi, Y.E. Accurately estimate tourism impacts: Tourism satellite account and input-output analysis. Selecting lifestyle entrepreneurship recovery strategies: A response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Responsible Tourist and Traveller. Measuring consumer perception of CSR in tourism industry: Scale development and validation. , // DP 2 Borda 17 , GDP Baggio, R. (2008). (2002). The economics of tourism (2nd ed.). The economics of tourism destinations. Lin, M., & Hsu, W. J. ; writingoriginal draft preparation, I.A. From a macroeconomic perspective, Leguizamn describes sectorial indicators in tourism, including the relative frequency of tourism trips by motivation (leisure and recreation, business and professional, studies, health, and others as described by the UNWTO (2010)), and the average length of stay. Big Data Analysis of Korean Travelers Behavior in the Post-COVID-19 Era. Just 2% were aged 26-30 and 1% were 17 to 18 years old. New York, NY: Routledge. Tourism economics research: A review and assessment. Responsible Cruise Tourism: Issues of Cruise Tourism and Sustainability. Martins, S. R Desenvolvimento local e turismo: Por uma tica de compromisso e responsabilidade com o lugar e com a vida. Tourism Management , 30(5), 683-692. Gilbert, N. (1999). Oxford: Oneworld Publications. Health tourism helps to develop the economy and living standards of human civilization. The aim is to develop an international statistical framework for measuring tourisms role in sustainable development, including economic, environmental and social dimensions. A comment on Burrai and Hannam. Measuring the Sustainability of Tourism aims to provide an internationally agreed statistical framework to measure the impacts and dependencies of tourism on the economy, society and the environment. Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes. Science, 103, 677680. (2016). ), Opting to visit a destination that fosters decent and fair conditions and respects the rights of workers. Cooper, C., & Hall, C. M. (2008). (2003). Weaver, D.B. Dixon, P. B., & Parmenter, B. R. (1996). It also examines solutions for limitations that arise from data collection. Su, Y. W. & Lin, H. L. (2014). A model of tourism destination choice: A theoretical and empirical analysis. These two dimensions confirm the theory of responsible tourism: contributing to and improving the quality of life of communities, cultures, environments and local economies, and minimizing negative impacts on territories [, This dimension corresponds to the dimension of civic responsibility which is reflected in the tourist code of ethics [, The second dimension, referring to the philanthropic responsibility of the tourist, emphasizes practices related to interaction with the local population, showing that a responsible tourist tends to be an active individual, open to all kinds of social experiences [, Responsible tourism is a matter of respect, awareness, and education through local identity and interaction with the locals and with whom tourists can share a common sense of reciprocity and involvement. Madrid: World Tourism Organization. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1209165. D Nova Redao ao Decreto-lei n 1.985, de 29 de Janeiro de 1940 (Cdigo de Minas). Harlow: Pearson Education. Wood, S. A., Guerry, A. D., Silver, J. M., & Lacayo, M. (2013). Respect the local culture and tradition, 7. Berlin: Messe Berlin GmbH. This chapter examines the wicked problem of adequately measuring tourism in its many facets. and N.A. Complex and chaotic tourism systems: Towards a quantitative approach. (2002). Driven on the effect of the pandemic, we investigate tourists' travel risk and management perceptions and its effect on society using a sample of 716 respondents. (1981). DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2013.04.002. Nest section is dedicated to the theoretical framework, presenting the key concepts, a discussion about tourist responsibility and revealing the potential issues for the scale development. The scientific method has been applied in experimental studies (whether causal or quasi-experiments as noted by the author) on diverse tourism issues, including the demand for international (schiff & Becken, 2011) and domestic (Alegre, Mateo, & pou, 2013) tourism, on competition in the package tour industry (Davies & Downward, 1998), on the impact of tourism on economic growth (Ivanov & Webster, 2007) and poverty alleviation (Croes & Vanegas, 2008), among other issues. 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Registered in England & Wales No. ), The stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Summer 2016 Edition). (2008b). Country pilot studies aim to bring together relevant stakeholders and contribute to the design and development of the statistical framework by testing its relevance and feasibility. Demand and supply evaluations are explored through the description of traditional time series and econometric models and the main national tourism statistical measurements together with cutting-edge techniques such as the artificial intelligence methods that use the most recent advances in computer science. Investigating the responsible tourist behavior in Egypts ecotourism destinations: A case study of Siwa. Pilot testing of the indicators will drive the work forward. Frey, N.; George, R. Responsible tourism management: The missing link between business owners attitudes and behaviour in the Cape Town tourism industry. Chettiparamb, A.; Kokkranikal, J. International recommendations for tourism statistics 2008. New York: Routledge. First, this paper puts the tourism industry, technological progress, and ecological economic development in the same research framework and conducts an in-depth study of the impact of the. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.10.009. The development of a Customer Co-Creation Value (CCCV) scale. Moro, S., Cortez, P., & Rita, P. (2014). http://ethics.unwto.org/sites/all/files/docpdf/responsibletouristbrochureen.pdf. Estimating the economic impacts of tourism. Developing sustainable business models: Local knowledge acquisition and tourism lifestyle entrepreneurship. IPK. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Witt, S. F., Song, H., & Louvieris, P. (2003). DOI: 10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00012-2. probabilistic choice theory and methods have been worked by a group of experts, including the nobel prize in economics of 2000 (see McFadden, 2001). This method is effective because through the response of the group members it is possible to extract feelings and opinions that constitute a new knowledge [. (2014). The Tourism Satellite Account Can Google data improve the forecasting performance of tourist arrivals? (2014). While a number of ESG reporting and disclosure initiatives already exist, they have been developed relatively independently, meaning the comparability and scalability of ESG reporting is limited. The construction of tourism satellite accounts (TSA) at the provincial levels (in parallel with the construction of input-output matrices) would be fundamental for two main reasons. Baggio, R. (2016). Lee, H.Y. Finally, the volume introduces the tourism satellite account (TSA), with which the economic contributions of tourism activities to GDP can be analyzed. Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout. To measure, six studies are proposed: two qualitative and four quantitative. Confirmatory factorial analysis is applied to verify the scale generated in the previous step [, The scale of tourist responsibility, when applied to confirmatory factorial analysis with the SmartPLS program, is explained by the type II multidimensional reflexive-formative equation model, third order index in the model construction [. There are some limitations to this investigation. Tourism Management, 39, 37-49. . SNA. Alegre, J., Mateo, S., & Pou, L. (2013). 4. (2014). Data analysis. In order to proceed with the verification of the accuracy of the study it is necessary to perform confirmatory factor analysis. You are accessing a machine-readable page. A Feature (2009). Current Issues in Tourism, 18(12), 11921217. A data-driven approach to predict the success of bank telemarketing. Lam, C., & McKercher, B. First, TSA would help to identify the contribution of tourism characteristic industries to the provinces' GDP. 3. Recibido del documento revisado: 25 Junio 2018. Ecological Indicators, 6, 104113. Journal of Travel Research, 42(2), 151158. McFadden, D. (2001). This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Responsible tourism began to gain notoriety during the 1980s, associated with the emerging concept of tourism sustainability [, For those who practice it, responsible tourism is seen as an alternative tourism practice to mass tourism, appropriate, conscious, light and green, and that does not have any negative repercussions on the host environment [, Ethical values are fundamental to the good practice of these environmental and social principles in destinations [, Tourist responsibility thus falls to all stakeholders in the tourism chain, as depicted in, Highlighting the perspectives of responsibility from the tourist point of view, Wheller [, Governmental entities and tourism agents, on the other hand, consider tourism responsibility essential to the sustainable development of destinations. Artificial intelligence approaches for the generation and assessment of believable human-like behaviour in virtual characters. The total sum of the explained variance is estimated at 76% for three factors, surpassing the minimum value of 60%, confirming the validity of the extraction. Opting to visit a destination that fosters decent and fair conditions and respects the rights of workers. A significant number of researches are clearly addressing the notion of tourist responsibility, however, there are not many studies on the specificity of tourist responsibility itself. It is the act of traveling to obtain medical care. Knowing how to respect the local community, 4. International recommendation for tourism statistics 2008. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89941-1_13, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2016/entries/scientific-method/, http://google.com/googleblogs/pdfs/google_predicting_the_present.pdf, http://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2011/Visual/36/, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/7870049/7880233/KS-FT-17-002-EN-N.pdf, http://www.tsf2014prague.cz/assets/downloads/Paper%201.2_Nicolaes%20Heerschap_NL.pdf, http://www.itb-berlin.de/media/itbk/itbk_dl_en/WTTR_Report_A4_4_Web.pdf, https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1209165, http://skift.com/2014/01/06/skift-report-14-global-trends-that-will-define-travel-in-2014/, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/measurement-science/, http://scorus.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/2004MinnP6.2.pdf. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai'i Press. (2016). Annals of Tourism Research, 61, 199212. For instance, Crouch (1994) and Song & Li (2008) noted that linear regression models are widely used in the literature to examine the determinaras of tourism demand, and within the gamut of estimation methods, the classical ordinary least square is regularly employed. To test whether the correlation between the variables is sufficiently reliable, significance tests are performed. The dimensions of tourism responsibility, in general, cover all areas, economic, social, cultural, environmental, and even political, and it is certain that all stakeholders in tourism activity are responsible for the actions they trigger. Can agent-based models assist decisions on large-scale practical problems? Health tourism is an emerging concept in the tourism industry. American Economic Review, 91(3), 351-378. Editors Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. But what are the major tourism demand determinants that organisations need to consider? Tourism is recognized as the largest industry around the whole world. (2008). The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Tourism economics (1st ed.). Journal of Travel Research , 32(4), 41-55. In R. Schegg & B. Stangl (Eds. Tourism participation and expenditure by spanish house-holds: The effects of the economic crisis and unemployment. The advantages of the open-ended question study allow respondents to give a more comprehensive opinion, enabling all ideas; it also allows them to express themselves in their own words, which makes the answers more impersonal, more comfortable, and also makes it possible to make distinctions, which are generally not possible in closed-ended questions [. The Tourism Satellite Account: R ecommended Methodological Framework 2008 (also known as the TSA: RMF 2008) provides the updated common conceptual framework for constructing a TSA. (2014). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063351, Dias , Aldana I, Pereira L, da Costa RL, Antnio N. Tourism Management , 23(5), 475-487. Easing the adoption of agent-based modelling (ABM) in tourism research. Retrieved July, 2015, from http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2016/entries/scientific-method/. New York: World Tourism Organization. By understanding the dimensions of tourism responsibility it will be possible to create a scale of measurement. (2016). Tourism Management Perspectives, 6, 8294. Studies that use primary data as the source of analysis usually employ discrete choice models, which are linked to probability theory (see Manski & McFadden, 1981). Further sectorial indicators associated with the demand side of tourism are worthy of exploration. Retrieved from https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/regions-2017/world2017.pdf. The latter group of industries have between 30 and 40 percent of economic activities associated with tourism, according to the International standard Industrial Classification, revision 4 (United Nations, 2008). Discrete choice methods with simulation (2nd ed.). Dwyer, L. (2015). Data collected from surveys have been widely used to test hypotheses on international (Seddighi & Theocharous, 2002), domestic (Mcolau & Ms, 2006) and outbound (Eugenio-Martn & Campos-Soria, 2011) tourism. 1996-2023 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated. Indicators associated with other tourism related industries, as presented in UNWTO (2010), could have been included here: the index of occupation and capacity in restaurants could be added, as well as other indices for entertainment, cultural activities, transport, storage and communication. New York: World Tourism Organization . In E. N. Zalta (Ed. In the first two methodological studies, qualitative methods were used to generate the scale items. (2002). Introduccin a la estadstica para la administracin y direccin de empresas (2.a ed.). The results are described in the next section. Other Emirates took the cue and started developing their own models of tourism industry. 4. Respondents took between two and four minutes to answer. Choi, H., & Varian, H. R. (2009). 2021. The opportunities, challenges and risks of big data for official statistics. Conceptualization, .D. permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. Annals of Tourism Research, 50, 118. Tourism Management, 33(4), 790801. (2016). Zaichkowsky, J.L. In conclusion, this review shows the author's view on the importance of understanding statistical methods and techniques to assist research questions in tourism. In order to be human-readable, please install an RSS reader. since primary data on tourism issues are collected from visitors and tourists (who belong to households, companies or both), the author shows how to best carry out sampling to get information from the universe population (statistical inference). Fletcher, J. E. (1989). The Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) is a standard statistical framework and the main tool for the economic measurement of tourism. Predicting the present with Google Trends: Google Inc. Retrieved January, 2011, from http://google.com/googleblogs/pdfs/google_predicting_the_present.pdf, Chou, C. E., & Huang, Y. C. (2011, June 1921).