The play is not reviewable. One rule that hasnt been changed but will be more heavily enforced is the balk. Instead, the penalty yardage will be applied from the location the last play ended. Type 2 (type B) Obstruction: Happens when a base runner is impeded when there is not a play being made on the runner. You make a signal but you let play continue and then deal with penalties (if any) after play has concluded. For example, when F3 is standing on first base watching a base hit to the gap and the batter-runner collides with him while rounding first, that obstruction. There was an error submitting your subscription. John, who struggled to hear the questions over the video link and had to have them repeated by a lawyer in the room in Monaco, said Spacey had stayed at the couples home after the ball. Drink only if you discover water; survive the night only if you have a place to sleep; eat only what you have found or hunted. Here's one that a lot of people don't know about. This is an immediate dead ball and bases are awarded as appropriate. The content on this site is for entertainment and educational purposes only. Any action on the part of either player (either the fielder moves unnecessarily to impedethe runner, or the runner deviates purposely to disrupt the fielder), and take that as a cue to call either interference or obstruction. If a pitcher throws to an unoccupied base, thats a balk. He steps on the umpires foot and throws wildly into right field. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In (b), runners may not advance when the plate umpire interferes with the catchers throw. Except where noted, the material applies equally to NFHS, NCAA and pro rules. Clear as mud, right? If the result of the play is such that, in your judgment, the obstruction caused the runner to be put out or to not reach the base that he would have reached had the obstruction not occurred, then you call "Time" announce the infraction, then place the runner where, in your judgement, he belongs. The pitch clock, bigger bases, and eliminating the defensive shift are are a few of the rules changes that are taking place in 2023. While running out in an attempt to make the catch, F3 collides with U1 and the ball falls to the ground (a) in fair territory, or (b) in foul territory. b. The runner gets up and starts trotting back to the dugout, whereupon the defense tags him out. Otherwise, call time and advance all runners one base. f. A fair ball touches an umpire before touching a fielder and before passing a fielder other than the pitcher; PENALTY for f.The ball is dead and the batter is awarded first base with a single. However, Major League Baseball classified this as a balk beginning with the 2013 season.[5]. NOTE: OBR allows tossing glove or mitt in which ball is lodged for purpose of making a play. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The ball becomes dead and base runners return when: a. An immediate dead ball for hitting R1. Now let's go deep on OBR Types 1 and 2 obstruction. If the throw is prevented or does not retire the runner, interference is called. Batter Hit by Pitch A batter is awarded first base when a pitch, neither swung at nor called a strike, is entirely within the batter's box and it contacts the batter or her clothing. In NCAA, a casebook play (A.R. Except for the catcher, all players must be in fair territory to put the ball in play. [22] Jansen then struck out batter Vctor Caratini for the final out of the game. Although many think that Viking funeral pyres took place at sea, there is little evidence to support this. If this infraction should occur in a situation where the catcher's initial throw directly retires a runner despite the infraction, the play stands the same as if no violation had occurred. Interference by runner with fielder in FOUL territory. Copyright 2020 All rights reserved. The umpire calls "Time. Test. The ball is dead, B2 is out, and R1 must return to the last base touched at the time of interference. In (a), B1 safely advances to third base on the play, after which the defensive coach comes out to argue U1 interfered on the play. Bleier had given up a single, and was then called for three balks while facing Alonso, balking the runner home. F2 fires to first to retire B1. The most obvious case is at the end of an over when the ball has been returned to the wicket keeper and the teams start to prepare for the next set of deliveries. P a g e 4 5 R u l e 5-1 2 0 1 7 N F H S S o f t b a l l R u l e s 26. Say you are a fielder and a runner is approaching second but you slap you glove like you've received the ball and so the runner quickly reverses direction to head back to first. After making contact with the ground in fair territory, and passsing the first baseman, the ball hits U1 and (a) caroms into the outfield, or (b) falls at the umpires feet, where he picks it up. A balk is a delayed dead ball. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". From 2022 NFHS Baseball Rule Book. Section 6.02 (a) of the Official Baseball Rules, MLB Spring Training: 1 prospect from every team that should make the Opening Day roster, Paul Goldschmidt, Nolan Arenado give STL Cards fans a preview of what's to come, Umps quitting Pirates-Orioles has fans more ready for robots than ever (Video), Julio Urias brushes off talk of future with Dodgers after first spring start. The penalty for an illegal pitch is awarding one ball to the batter (unless the batter reaches first base safely on the pitch). Learn. That's obstruction! He will verify receipt of the message and details. Match. 6-4-9b (S.P.) a. This is made worse by a criminal justice system that casts abuses and racism as isolated cases, even though the French . [19], The Los Angeles Dodgers defeated the Texas Rangers on June 18, 2015, when Rangers relief pitcher Keone Kela committed a balk in the bottom of the ninth inning of a tie game with Dodger Enrique Hernndez at third base. A balk is when the pitcher is (in contact) with the pitchers plate (holding the ball) and commits an illegal act with runner(s) on base. In another scenario, a runner is sliding into a base and the fielder (without the ball) lays down a tag, causing the runner to believe he's been put out. e. When a fielder, after catching a fly ball, steps or falls into any out-of-play area. 1) If the follow-through hits the catcher and occurs in a situation where the batter normally would become a runner because of a third strike not held by the catcher, the ball shall be dead and the batter declared out. Referee, the worlds original sports officiating magazine, educates, challenges and inspires officials at all levels. After Alonso grounded out for the third out of the inning, Bleier was also ejected for continuing to argue the balks. The ball becomes dead and runners return to their bases occupied at the time of the pitch. All of the above. One base all runners from last leagally touched base. Ruling 2: The ball immediately becomes dead in both situations (NFHS 5-1-1f-1; NCAA 6-2f; pro 5.06c6) and the batter is awarded first base and credited with a single (NFHS 8-1-2b; NCAA 6-2f Pen. Defensive malicious contact IMMEDIATE DEAD BALL 5-1-1m 3-6-18 PEN Defensive malicious contact DELAYED DEAD BALL Page 4 of 9. We're in the territory of what's commonly called a "train wreck," and there is no simple answer on how best to judge this. That fielder, then, is in jeopardy of committing obstruction. During the trial, jurors have heard how Spacey bought the most expensive Mini Cooper ever at an auction at the ball and stored it at the couples home. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. R2 is declared safe. It is an immediate dead ball when: An umpire interferes with the catcher attempting to make a throw. This is not a substitution and is optional. That is, no play is being made on the obstructed runner. "Marlins' Richard Bleier becomes first pitcher called for three balks in one inning since 1988", "Talking Balk: All Walk-Off Balks in MLB History", "Ever seen an intentional balk? At the end of the day, whatever the umpire deems to be an unnecessary, illegal, or deceptive maneuver on the part of the pitcher can be called a balk. We won't send you spam. The ball will be dead, however, and no runner shall advance on the play. During cross-examination by the prosecutor, Christine Agnew KC, the musician was asked if he remembered Spacey attending the ball, which raised funds for the Elton John Aids Foundation, in the early 2000s. The pitcher can catch a foul tip. SECTION 5. Play 10: B1 tops a ball down the first-base line. Copyright 2022 Referee Enterprises Inc. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Magazine on one occasion. Failing to pitch to the batter in a continuous motion immediately after any movement of any part of the body such as he habitually uses in his delivery, Taking a hand off the ball while in a set position (unless he pitches to the batter or throws toward a base or he steps toward and feints a throw to second or third base), Failing to pitch to the batter when the entire non-pivot foot passes behind the perpendicular plane of the back edge of the pitchers plate, except when feinting or throwing to second base in an attempt to put out a runner. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. A run-down ("pickle") can betricky becauseeach time the fielders exchange the ball and the runner reverses direction, the runner has created a new base path. The fair ball hits the third-base umpire in the foot and deflects to F6. Flashcards. He added: To have a star of the magnitude of Kevin Spacey and to go to OK! A pitcher is restricted to a certain set of motions and one of two basic pitching positions before and during a pitch. If, during an attempt to execute the "hidden ball trick" (where the defensive team deceives the runner(s) as to the ball's location while the play is live), the pitcher stands on the rubber prior to the fielder revealing the ball and applying the tag, the runner is not out. According to the MLB rules " Umpire's interference occurs (1) when a plate umpire hinders, impedes or prevents a catcher's throw attempting to prevent a stolen base or retire a runner on a pick-off play; or (2) when a fair ball touches an umpire on fair territory before passing a fielder. A runner sprains an ankle touching second base and falls to the ground. He starts for first as F2 starts to field the ball. Ruling 10: When the batter-runner is tripped from behind, obstruction should be called. Victor Robles was batting with a 2-1 count , Q. When action on the play concludes, you act on the obstruction call by doing one of the following: The UmpireBible is hosted by InMotion Hosting, Copyright 2023 by UmpireBible.com. Beyond the rule-bookdefinition, Rules 6.01(h)(1) and 6.01(h)(2) extend the definition and explain the two types of obstruction, commonly calledType 1 obstruction and Type 2 obstruction (for their treatment in Rules 6.01(h)(1) and 6.01(h)(2), respectively). Courtesy runner -A courtesy runner can be used for the CATCHER and PITCHER of RECORD ONLY at any time. Stay tuned! Thrown ball: Immediate dead ball. If you work leagues where this is not spelled out, then clarify at the plate meeting. NFHS Rule 5-1 Activity #20, Should a pitch that is called a balk be hit into play, the play is nullified, and all runners are awarded one base. Batter hits a ground ball that strikes the runner running from 1B. It is an immediate dead ball. And why is it important? A balk is a delayed dead ball. All rights reserved. Your favorite teams, topics, and players all on your favorite mobile devices. Immediate Dead Ball. Play is stopped when the ball becomes immediately dead by rule. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Type 1 obstruction is a dead-ball infraction. Any legal pitch hits a runner trying to score; ExceptionAny legal pitch hits a runner trying to scoreimmediate dead ball, base runners advance if they were stealing with the pitch. The ball ricochets in the air again and is caught by the second baseman. Umpire Jim Joyce called obstruction (Type 2) and awarded Craig home. b. i. Like it or not, sometimes umpires are going to become part of the action. If you need to cancel/change a game please. If an umpire judges that a fielder unintentionally carries a live ball into dead ball territory, it is an immediate dead ball and all runners This article is about the illegal action in baseball. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. 33. The throw (a) is caught by F5, who tags out R3, or (b) sails into left field, allowing R3 to trot home and score. a. Pitched ball: Immediate dead ball. The ball becomes dead and base runners return when: Anyone who is on my periphery, I wouldnt notice them. Runners return and the umpire shall not put the ball in play until all runners have retouched their bases; b. Play 4: With runners on first and third and one out, B4 hits a one-hopper to short. The umpire. Here's one that you saw in game 3 of the the 2013 World Series, where Boston third baseman Will Middlebrooks fell flat on his face but whose raised legs tripped Allen Craig, who was trying to score from third base. If a pitch fails to do that, its a balk. After the ball has passed the pitcher, but before it has been touched by or passed any infielder, it strikes U2 in the leg. A cremation cemetery was discovered near modern-day Templenoe. In (a), the ball remains live and it is a fair ball. Hes been doing it for many years and he doesnt advertise this passion; he would not, he just does it.. Furnish also gave evidence via video link from Monaco, saying he remembered Spacey attending the ball which was sponsored by OK! One complainant, who cannot be named for legal reasons, has claimed he was driving the House of Cards star to a party hosted by John and his husband, David Furnish, when Spacey grabbed his penis with such force that he almost crashed. If malice seems to be involved, umpires can issue a warning or throw those . Delayed dead ball. Over the years he has spent many, many hours sitting with elderly actors, comforting and listening to them. The runner is safe and the run scores. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. SECTION 4. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Flagrant contact on the part of either player is a violation and the appropriate call, interference or obstruction, should be made. But what is a dead ball? Itreinforces that in some cases (when, in your judgment, the obstruction is incidental and does not affect the progress of the runner) no penalty is necessary. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. g. Interference is called on another runner; or Note: If the umpire declares the batter, batter-runner or a runner out for offensive interference, all other runners shall return to the last base that was legally attained at the time of the interference. The vast majority of those cases involve interference by the offense, but there are several situations for which a cookie-cutter approach does not work. [23] Other intentional balks, while rare, have subsequently occurred in MLB. In (a), the result of the play stands and R3 is out. Once a player has possession of the ball, he can place himself between the runner and the base to which the runner is advancing(in fact, that's what he should do). On a legally caught foul tip, the ball is live. (But make sure the runner touches home plate. Note: High school (NFHS) rules differ in that balks are an immediate dead ball, regardless of the outcome of the pitch. In (a), the result of the play stands and R3 is out. However, if the throw retires the runner, the interference is ignored (NFHS 8-4-2h; NCAA 6-3a Note; pro 5.09b4). Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. This is an immediate dead ball and bases are awarded as appropriate. As expected, a fake slide will cause the ball to become . Fair ball if the PU believes the ball had a chance to roll back into fair t Which of these is false about a foul tip? You can change up this scenario in a dozens of ways, move it to any base, and you get the same result. The ball is immediately dead if a fair ball touches an umpire in fair territory before touching an infielder, including the pitcher, or passing an infielder other than the pitcher. Concerned that a runner at second base could possibly steal signs, Jansen intentionally balked, advancing the runner to third base. Those are not You almost have to be looking for a reason to call a balk to ring Bleier up on that motion three -- again, three! A rule change in 2014 eliminated catch-and-carry in OBR: "If a fielder, after having made a legal catch, should step or fall into any out-of-play area, the ball is dead and each runner shall advance one base, without liability to be put out ". is [email protected]. In NFHS, obstruction is always a delayed dead ball (never immediate dead ball). Play 6: F2 attempts to pick off R3 at third base. With the minimum three batter rule scheduled to go into effect this year, if the substitute pitcher comes in the game with one out and gets the next batter to hit into a double , Immediate Dead BallRunners Return A foul is hit that is not caught. d. A pitched ball lodges in the umpires or catchers equipment other than the catchers glove and remains out of play, or goes over, through or wedges in the field fence or padding (see 8-3-k). Important: High school rules (NFHS Baseball Rules Book) treat obstruction differently from OBR. All other runners shall advance one base from his last legally touched base at the time the fielder entered such out-of-play area, Q. This story is often exaggerated in re-tellings of baseball lore, some having Miller being blown off the pitching mound. PENALTYThe ball is dead at the moment of interference and the umpire shall impose such penalties as to nullify the act of interference; b. The ball also remains live and the contact is ignored if a pitch or thrown ball touches an umpire (no possession) (NFHS 3-2-3; NCAA 6-1b, 8-3i; pro 6.01f). That's obstruction. Here are a couple of examples of Type 1 obstruction: A base runner has rounded third,heading for home, and the catcher is three feet up the line, blocking the base path, calling for the ball. One base all runners from last legally touched base. Rules consultant- Blue Jays, Brewers, Cardinals, Dbacks, Dodgers, Orioles, Padres, Phillies, Pirates, Rangers, Rays, Reds, Red Sox, Royals, Tigers, Twins, Yankees, the Sinclair Regional Sports Networks, ESPN, YES, and White Sox TV Then, pick one "Powerball," or red ball, number. In this situation, R3 would score a run (NFHS 8-3-3d; NCAA 6-4; pro 5.06c7). But here's the problem: the professional rules (OBR) recognize a defensive player's right to occupy a blocking position when he is in the act of receiving the ball, when possession is "imminent." Designed based on Shape5.com Velocity, Play is not being made on obstructed runner, At least one base beyond the last base touched, Umpire judgment: place runner to nullify effect of the obstruction; this could be no award at all. a. Remaining runners advance if forced. This means, the moment you see it, call it: "Time! Runners return and the umpire shall not put the ball in play until all runners have retouched their bases; b. R1 and B2 are awarded two bases from time of the pitch. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Umpires must recognize those acts and know how to react. NOTE: OBR allows tossing glove or mitt in which ball is lodged for purpose of making a play. On the night he attended the ball he stayed overnight at our house, he said. R3 scores, but B5 is thrown out at first. For other uses, see, National Federation of State High School Associations, "What Is A Balk In Baseball? Our umpire ruled that it was a dead ball; he called the struck runner out, and made the runners that started on 2B and 3B return to their bases. A member of the offensive creates a distraction for the purpose of causing the opposing pitcher to balk. So has the high school (NFSH) rule book, which now requires possession, as do a great many other youth programs. The batter-runner is awarded first base. The plate umpire interferes with the catchers attempt to throw anywhere; Note: The interference shall be disregarded if the , Dead BallPlay Suspended In making such a decision, the umpire must be convinced that the ball passed through, or by, the infielder and that no other infielder had a chance to make a play on the ball. Ruling: USA Softball, NFHS and USSSA rules do not give us a definitive ruling and the umpire may judge this as interference.If the umpire does, it is an immediate dead ball and the batter is called out. c. When "no pitch" is declared. The ball is batted with an illegal bat. F6 fires to second to start a double play, but the throw hits the umpire. It does not matter if the ball hits the ground before hitting the batter; it is still ruled a hit-by-pitch. Under other rule sets, notably in the United States under the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS Baseball Rules), a balk results in an immediate dead ball. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Here is the WGA East's full statement on G/O Media sites using AI-generated articles: The Writers Guild of America, East (WGAE) council demands an immediate end of AI-generated articles on G/O . Note: The 2014 revision to the Official Baseball Rules, in renumbering the rules, has disposed of the time-honored Type A and Type B obstruction. Build your customFanSided Daily email newsletter with news and analysis onAll MLB and all your favorite sports teams, TV shows, and more. The batter at home plate does not advance on a balk. It's hard to imagine circumstances for a three-base award, but well, it's entirely in the hands of the umpire. Batter-runner awarded first; runners advance if forced. July 11 - Former Manchester United goalkeeper Edwin van der Sar remains in intensive care but is in a stable condition and out of immediate danger following his bleed on the brain last week, his . If a batter strikes at a ball and misses and in the umpires judgment unintentionally hits the catcher or the ball in back of the batter on the follow-through , Delayed Dead BallRunners Return or Advance Marlins Manager Don Mattingly was ejected for arguing the third balk. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Instead, a fielder simply gets in the way of a base runner and causes the runner to fall, slow down, collide, swerve out of the way anything that impedes the runner's progress. SECTION 4. Award one base beyond last base touched Other runners advance if forced Type B Delayed Dead Ball Runner or Batter Runner not directly being played on. Award: All runners awarded home. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of all the cookies. Can You Join Parties If You Dont Have Xbox Live. If all runners and batter-runner advance at least one base, ignore the balk. Please try again. BALL DEAD IMMEDIATELY DEAD BALL TABLES 2017 Softball Rules Book_2007 Softball Rules Book cb.qxd 10/24/2016 10:38 AM Page 44. For website assistance please email [email protected]. Match. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Passing the , Rules 6.03(a)(3), 6.03(a)(4), 6.03(a)(3) and (4) Comments: A player or spectator is ejected from the . But you need to be mentally ready because this one happens fast, so again, watch the players while the play is developing. In the event a balk is enforced, the pitch is generally (but not always) nullified . These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. However, delivering a quick return or pitching while off the rubber (which constitute balks when runners are on base) results in a ball being called with the bases empty. On June 14, 2019, Dodgers closer Kenley Jansen intentionally balked during a game with the Chicago Cubs. | BaseballBiography.com", "Official Baseball Rules, Rule 6.02(a) Comment", "The Official Site of Major League Baseball: Official info: Official Rules", "MLB aiming to nix fake-to-third, throw-to-first pick-off move in 2013", "Umpires: Feature | MLB.com: Official info", "Official Baseball Rules, 6.02 Pitcher Illegal Action", "Official Baseball Rules, Legal Pitching Delivery", "May 4, 1963 Chicago Cubs at Milwaukee Braves Box Score and Play by Play - Baseball-Reference.com". B2 hits a ball to center field. We have more about this in our article, Basepath & Running Lane. This article is the copyright of Referee Enterprises, Inc., and may not be republished in whole or in part online, in print or in any capacity without expressed written permission from Referee. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. In (a), because R1 is forced to advance, he is awarded second base. In the case of a runner obstructed while retreating (as in a pick-off attempt), award the runner the base beyond the one they were retreating to (and previously occupied). We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. OBR: 6.02 (a) FED: 5-1-1-k. A foul is hit that is not caught. This will prepare you to see and call the obstruction if it occurs. Type 2 (type B) Obstruction: Happens when a base runner is impeded when there is not a play being made on the runner. In her final season with the program in 2014-15, she was selected by coaches as first-team All-SEC after averaging 14.5 points per game to go along with 7.2 rebounds on 40 percent shooting from . This is important. The actor Robert Sean Leonard, who appears in the Academy Award-nominated film Dead Poets Society, said Spacey was kind and respectful to everyone he worked with. Your email address will not be published. NFHS Rule 6-1-3 Penalty; A balk in high school baseball is an (immediate . [16] CBS Sports opined: "Some balks are obvious. Nullify the out and return the runner to the base he would have achieved. e. A fair ball touches a runner in fair territory before touching any infielder including the pitcher or an umpire and before passing an infielder (other than the pitcher) who has a chance to make a play on the ball. The press made this out to be a controversial call, but in fact this is textbook obstruction. . . [13] Shaw's balks were blamed on his difficulty adjusting to a then-new point of emphasis in the rules: umpires were told to strictly enforce the section of the balk rule that required the pitcher, when going from the stretch to the set position, to come to a complete stop with his hands together for one full second before pitching. Call "Time" and explain (in three seconds or less) why you're not doing so. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The catcher. There are, however, other instances where the ball can become dead and the umpire will need to signal these. F2 starts for the ball as B1 is leaving the batters box. PENALTY for e.The ball is dead and the runner hit by the batted ball is declared out. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. b. Type 1 and Type 2, respectively. If no runners are on base and the pitcher commits an otherwise balkable action, there generally is no penalty. Runners return and the umpire shall not put the ball in play until , Delayed Dead BallRunners Return or Advance Ruling 1: In (a), this is not umpire interference and the ball remains live and in play. I'm sure you'll recognize most of these. As such, the umpire is considered a part of the field and the batter-runner, or any baserunner, is not protected. Here you have a collision (literally) of two rules - obstruction and interference. 4; pro 6.01a10 Cmt.). t/f, The ball becomes dead immediately if a batter enters the batter's box with an illegal bat. Forexample, if a catcher without possession of the ball blocks the plate, preventing a runner from having unimpeded access to the plate, this is obstruction. The rules in all three codes specifically address in order for a fair batted ball that hits an umpire to become dead, it must touch an umpire before touching any fielder and before passing any fielder other than the pitcher (NFHS 5-1-1f-1; NCAA 6-1c, 6-1h, 6-2f, 6-2f Note; pro 5.05b4, 5.06c6). This number will be between one and 26 . As we've said, Type 1 obstruction occurs when there is a play being made on the runner at the time the obstruction occurs. No one should expect to make money from the picks and predictions discussed on this website. The ball will be dead, however, and no runner shall advance on the play. Sports Officiating Summit Register NOW! This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Do we have an out? This page was last edited on 18 June 2023, at 20:09. Written by Mark Bailey Last updated on March 10th, 2023 If you're a fan of baseball, then you've probably heard the term "dead ball" thrown around before. No runner shall advance. B1 is awarded first base. And do the umpires even know what it really is? Since F2s throw did not retire the runner, umpires interference is ruled and R1 must return. The ball is in flight but before the catcher receives the ball the runner is forced to slow down and deviate from his normal path to avoid a collision. Here's the rule-book definition, found in Definitions (obstruction): Obstruction is the act of a fielder who, while not in possession of the ball and not in the act of fielding the ball, impedes the progress of any runner.
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